Stricter SoC Limits for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Regulatory Changes Now Fully in Effect

The air transport of lithium-ion batteries continues to evolve, with significant regulatory changes now fully in effect. As of 1 January 2026, stricter State of Charge (SoC) limits have become mandatory under updated IATA and ICAO regulations, marking the end of the 12-month transition period that allowed industry stakeholders time to adapt.

What Changed After the Transition Period Ended

Prior to January 2026, it was strongly recommended—but not mandatory—that equipment that is packed with, or contains, lithium-ion batteries, and vehicles powered by lithium-ion batteries have the batteries at a state of charge not exceeding 30% of their rated capacity.

Mandatory Requirements as of 1 January 2026

That recommendation has now become a requirement.

From 1 January 2026, lithium-ion batteries (and sodium-ion batteries) that are packed with equipment or used to power vehicles must be offered for air transport at a reduced state of charge, unless specific approval is obtained from the relevant states (A331). These requirements have been formally adopted by ICAO in the 2025–2026 edition of the Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air.

Why the Change? Safety Comes First

The objective of these stricter limits is safety. Studies have demonstrated that reducing the state of charge of lithium-ion cells and batteries significantly lowers the risk of thermal runaway, which remains one of the primary hazards associated with transporting these batteries by air.

By enforcing lower SoC thresholds, regulators aim to reduce the potential severity of incidents and enhance overall air transport safety.

Key Requirements You Need to Know

From 1 January 2026:

Section I: Lithium-ion cells and batteries must be offered for transport at a state of charge not exceeding 30% of their rated capacity. This became a mandatory requirement on 1 January 2026. Cells and/or batteries at a state of charge greater than 30% of their rated capacity may only be shipped with the approval of the State of Origin and the State of the Operator under the written conditions established by those authorities.

Section II: Lithium-ion cells and batteries with a Watt-hour rating in excess of 2.7 Wh must be offered for transport at a state of charge not exceeding 30% of their rated capacity. This became a mandatory requirement on 1 January 2026/ Cells and/or batteries at a state of charge greater than 30% of their rated capacity must be offered for transport in accordance with the provisions of Section I of PI 966 with the approval of the State of Origin and the State of the Operator under the written conditions established by those authorities.

How to Determine Rated Capacity

Guidance and methodology on how to determine a battery’s rated capacity can be found in sub-section 38.3.2.3 of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria. Shipments at reduced state of charge are demonstrably less prone to thermal runaway.

Staying Compliant Going Forward

Need More Information?

If you have additional questions about lithium battery shipping requirements, we recommend reviewing our Lithium Battery FAQ. This resource addresses many common questions surrounding lithium batteries and the compliance challenges faced by shippers today.

Staying informed and adapting internal processes now is essential to remain compliant—and to help keep air transport safe as battery technology continues to advance.

Questions about lithium battery air shipments? Talk to a Regulatory Expert today! Call 855.734.5469 or send us an email, we’re happy to help.